INCI — the International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredients — is the standardised list on the back of every product. Ingredients appear in descending order of concentration down to one percent, after which they can be listed in any order.
That means the first five ingredients tell you what a formula mostly is. Water, a humectant like glycerin, an emollient, an emulsifier. Your headline active should appear reasonably high if it is doing real work — retinal at the very end is a rounding error.
Fragrance hides under 'Parfum'. If your skin is reactive, that single word is worth more attention than any marketing claim on the front.